Table 25 The future ecosystem description and the proposed value propositions for each transition stage
Transition stage | Future ecosystem condition | Related actors | Value proposition |
|---|---|---|---|
1.1 | Increase in the number of EVs | EV users | EV users can have optimal EV charging cost and optimal CO2 emission consumption with the intelligent EV charging algorithms that consider electricity prices, tariffs, and CO2 emission |
1.2 | All EV users will adopt an hourly electricity price scheme | ||
2.1 | Intelligent EV charging strategies that can optimize EV users' bill and reduce CO2 reduction | EV users | |
2.2 | Dynamic distribution tariffs that comply with regulations will be designed and implemented | DSOs | |
3 | DSOs will adopt Intelligent algorithms to enable energy flexibility strategy for sector coupling between EVs and the distribution grid | DSOs EV users | DSOs can avoid grid overloads and postpone the grid upgrade by applying intelligent EV charging algorithms |
4 | Independent aggregators are allowed to aggregate EVs for participation in the ancillary service market or Vehicle-to-Grid services | Charging box providers EV users | Independent aggregators (e.g., EV charging box providers) can aggregate EVs and participate in the ancillary service market or provide Vehicle-to-Grid services by using intelligent EV charging algorithms |