Table 1 Experimental settings

Experimental conditions

Multiple cycles of NEDC

Maximum operating speed of the vehicle

120 km/h

Average speed

36.01 km/h

The entire process takes time

3074 s

Sampling interval

0.1 s

SOC initial value

0.44

Prediction model

DGKNN based on genetic optimization

Model input variables

Battery voltage (Vn − 1), battery current, battery temperature

Model output variables

x(it)

Number of population in genetic optimization algorithm

N = 50

Terminate iteration steps

F50

Correction constant

MI < 1