Table 3 Summary of the reported benefits of DT, with special emphasis in energy efficiency
From: A review of building digital twins to improve energy efficiency in the building operational stage
Study | Energy efficiency benefits | Other benefits | Reported quantitative benefits |
|---|---|---|---|
Khajavi et al. (2019) | Finer temperature and lighting control | Lower costs | None |
Li et al. (2022) | Improve chiller’s COP | Lower costs Lower energy consumption | 40% COP increase |
Bjørnskov et al. (2022) | Better baseline energy models | More realistic monitoring and detection | None |
Lu et al. (2020d) | None | Detection of improper operation | None |
Lu et al. (2020c) | None | Detection of improper operation | None |
Bjørnskov and Jradi (2023) | None | Semantic modeling | None |
Chiara Tagliabue et al. (2021) | None | Sustainability assessment | None |
Clausen et al. (2021) | Planned energy consumption | Potential increase in energy efficiency | None |
Jradi and Bjørnskov (2023) | None | More accurate, easier to maintain models | None |
Lee et al. (2016) | Finer temperature and lighting control | Lower costs Constant monitoring | 17% Energy consumption reduction |
Moretti et al. (2020) | None | Unified IFC-based system | None |
Peng et al. (2020) | Optimization recommendations | Unified visualization and control | 1% Energy consumption reduction |
Wang et al. (2022) | None | DT framework for using ANNs | None |
Zaballos et al. (2020) | None | Enhanced comfort | None |
Zhao et al. (2022) | None | Standard conceptual model for DTs | None |
Agostinelli et al. (2022) | Energy model to support decision-making | Integrate BIM and GIS for better decisions | 15% energy reduction after retrofitting |
Hosamo et al. (2022) | None | Lower costs Predictive maintenance | None |
Ni et al. (2021) | None | Real-time monitoring | None |
Agostinelli et al. (2021) | Renewable sources orchestration through DT | Lower costs | 38% cost reduction from retrofitting+DT |
Kaewunruen and Lian (2019) | None | Lower costs | None |