Table 9 The key functions of operations centers and dashboards

• Using visualization sites to help both expert and no-expert users interpret and analyze information, and to allow citizens to monitor the city for themselves and for their own ends

• Employing integrated, real-time data to track the performance of the city and to communicate the live feeds of real-time information to citizens with respect to a number of areas

• Enabling automated systems to respond to citywide events by making immediate decisions pertaining to various urban domains

• Overcoming urban challenges, keeping citizens up-to-date, and developing applications based on the standardized and published forms of open data

• Creating innovative platforms, promoting big data use and application, introducing data-driven technologies, and providing expert assistance