Fig. 1
From: An integrated testbed for locally monitoring SCADA systems in smart grids
SCADA locations including the central control room and several field stations. Figure 1 illustrates a generic SCADA network. On the left the control room, combining the human machine interface (HMI), the data acquisition server and the energy management system (EMS). Separated by a firewall, these components can access the field stations, which in turn control the physical process by means of an RTU or PLC, which are equipped with sensors and actuators