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Energy Informatics

Table 3 Performance of one week simulation using different optimization frameworks

From: Scaling: managing a large number of distributed battery energy storage systems

Algorithms

Revenue [TEuro]

average violations discharging

Global Optimization

34.60 (100%)

0%

Heuristic 1: without function

32.79 (95%)

11.1%

Heuristic 2: bounded SoC

24.53 (71%)

3.7%

Heuristic 3: linear

27.99 (81%)

8.5%

Heuristic 4: concave piece-wise linear

31.21 (90%)

9.3%

Heuristic 5: non-concave piece-wise linear

29.40 (85%)

10.4%

  1. Interestingly, heuristic 1 without any function modeled performs quite well regarding revenue, however by taking into account relatively high violations in the control. Vice versa, bounding the SoC with heuristic 2, provides poor performance while being quite robust in provoking not many violations. Given its effort, heuristic 5 does not perform well. A reason could be the mixed-integer problem, which was not always solved to optimality
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