Table 1 Smart grid component (Moreno Escobar et al. 2021)
S/N | Classification | Examples | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Smart Grid Network Topology | NAN, SDN, IN, FAN, and WSN | NAN, FAN AND THE SDN are widely used network topology |
2 | Smart Grid Technology | Blockchain, Reinforcement Learning, Internet of Things, Machine learning, Data mining, Machine learning and neural training, Short-term memory network, Power Line Communication Technology, Power electronics, Big data, Fog Cloud computing, Energy Storage, and Power Electronics Technologies | IoT and machine learning are the widely used smart grid technology |
3 | Encryption | Multidimensional Data aggregation and Cognitive Risk Control | Â |
4 | Current transmitted | Yes and No | Â |
5 | Data Transmission | Yes and No | Â |
6 | Applications | AMI, SA, DA, DER, TP, AD and PP | DER, AD, and PP are widely used |
7 | Connectivity | Ethernet, PDH/SDH, WDM/DWDM, Fi-Wi/RoF/C-RAN Sensors 2021, 21, 6978 6 of 41, 2G/3G/4G, 5G, MPLS, QoS, WSN | WSN is widely used with less emphasis on the 5G connectivity |
8 | Tools | Time series Analysis, Regression Model | Â |
9 | Protocols Applied | Green-RPL, Local positive degree coupling, IEEE 802.11s, Web Of Energy, Dynamic Barrier Coverage, IEC61850, Wind-driven bacterial foraging algorithm, Data Slicing, TSUBE energy trading algorithm, Stochastic Geometry, Rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation, Policy-based group authentication algorithm, Mapping interface integration COIIoT, Nash Equilibrium (NE) and the Bayesian NE, Wireless sensor network protocol and Algorithmic Approach | Most of the work focused on green RPl |