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Table 21 Investigation result of related CSTEP dimensions for business ecosystem elements

From: Ecosystem-driven business opportunity identification method and web-based tool with a case study of the electric vehicle home charging energy ecosystem in Denmark

CSTEP dimension

Agent name

Current ecosystem condition

Climate, environmental and geographic situation

EV users

• The Danish weather (not too hot in the summer and not too cold in the winter) is suitable for EVs

Societal culture, demographic environment

EV users

• Currently, EVs represent 2.4% of the Danish car population (Statistics Denmark: Bestanden af elbiler og plugin hybrider fordoblet 2021)

• People may believe in EVs as a good investment or a green solution. And EVs may, in many circumstances, be a good investment (compared to conventional) due to the current and future regulations

Technology (Infrastructure, facilities, technological skills, technology readiness)

Charging box supplier

DSO

• Use Advanced Metering Infrastructure in EV charging boxes to collect consumer data (such as charging rate and battery capacity)

• A limited number of implemented EV charging algorithms

• EV users manually decide the time for charging

• Distribution grids are not dimensioned to the increasing electrification that introduces new Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), such as EVs

Economy and finance

EV users

DSO

• Distribution tariffs are close to being simple flat rate (one peak period price change during winter)

Policies and regulation

EV users

DSO

• Today all Danish electricity consumers should, by law, be able to pay by hourly electricity prices (Agency 2019)