Table 4 A listed set of limitations of the reviewed papers

Shao et al. (2021)

To assess the influence that the synergy between EPS and HES has on the generation, transportation, and flexibility of demand for hydrogen, numerical examples need to be employed

Bamisile, et al. (2021)

It has combined the RERs with conventional fuels to create a more efficient energy system which is still under investigation

Habib et al. (2022)

The results depend on the output of mathematical modelling for simulation scenarios

Liu (2020)

Few examples are used to demonstrate that the recommended approach may be used to analyse the flexibility of the time series associated with a distribution system in order to demonstrate that the proposed method is successful

Liu et al. (2021)

The method has been evaluated based only on the charging characteristics of EVs

Li and SaeidNahaei (2022)

Evidence related to the EVs' matched charge/discharge cycles have been applied for the monthly basis. It is needed for a wider range of time-based analysis e.g., annually, to be investigated

Park et al. (2022)

It lacks limitations of space, time, and charging

Jampeethong and Khomfoi (2020)

There are few considerations in regard to case in situations when there are many uncertainties, e.g., fluctuations in wind and solar power, N-1 outages, disconnection of RESs, demand variations, and EVs quantity

Bastida-Molina et al. (2021)

EVCS are subject to several constraints, some of which may be alleviated by the use of hybrid RE systems

Azarhooshang et al. (2021)

It is of necessity to accurately reflect the unpredictability of the demand, RE, electricity pricing, and EVs characteristics

Li et al. (2020)

This ensures that energy consumption remains within contract limitations at all times and that price for electricity and the priority of charging vs. discharging are taken into consideration throughout the implementation of the recommended methodology of TOU modification