From: Evaluating the CO2 abatement effects of low-carbon city policy in China: a quasi-natural experiment
 | Model (1) | Model (2) | Model (3) | Model (4) | Model (5) | Model (6) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
scale effect | structural effect | technological progress | ||||
size | Efficiency | stru | Efficiency | teco | Efficiency | |
du × dt | − 0.0506*** | 0.0057 | − 0.0095*** | 0.0103** | 0.1680*** | 0.0077* |
(0.0196) | (0.0039) | (0.0027) | (0.0043) | (0.0175) | (0.0043) | |
size |  | −0.0898*** |  |  |  |  |
 | (0.0033) |  |  |  |  | |
stru |  |  |  | −0.2484*** |  |  |
 |  |  | (0.0260) |  |  | |
teco | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.0155*** |
 |  |  |  |  | (0.0040) | |
Constant | 15.2430*** | 3.0892*** | 0.7114*** | 1.7201*** | 4.3229*** | 1.6531*** |
(0.3673) | (0.0884) | (0.0500) | (0.0800) | (0.3284) | (0.0817) | |
City FE | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
Year FE | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
Control variables | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
Obs | 3948 | 3948 | 3948 | 3948 | 3948 | 3948 |
R2 | 0.657 | 0.459 | 0.350 | 0.348 | 0.150 | 0.351 |
F | 348.7476 | 147.2296 | 109.0619 | 97.3081 | 32.0647 | 93.7305 |