Table 1 Description of regulatory scenarios (prices in c€/kWh)
From: Increasing the efficiency of local energy markets through residential demand response
Regulatory scenario | Public grid | Microgrid | Favourable regulation |
|---|---|---|---|
Reference tariff | 29.86 | 29.86 | 29.86 |
Grid fees | 6.99 | - | - |
Metering & concession fees | 1.94 | 1.94 | 1.94 |
Renewable surcharge | 6.88 | 6.88 | - |
Grid related fees | 0.81 | - | - |
Electricity tax | 2.05 | - | - |
Opportunity cost PV | 12.20 | 12.20 | 12.20 |
Opportunity cost CHP | 11.42 | 11.42 | 11.42 |
Subtotal (PV/CHP) | 30.87/30.09 | 21.02/20.24 | 14.14/13.36 |
Value-added Tax (19%) | 5.87/5.72 | 3.99/3.85 | 2.69/2.54 |
Lowest bid price (PV/CHP) | 36.74/35.81 | 25.01/24.09 | 16.83/15.90 |